Determine the cause of failure of nc machine tools
First, the intuitive method
It is to use people's senses to pay attention to the phenomenon of failure and judge the possible parts of the failure. If there is a failure if there is a sound, where the spark occurs, where has burnt paste, where heat anomaly, and then further observation may be down each of the circuit board surface condition, such as circuit boards have scorched and blackened or electronic components have burst, in order to further narrowing the scope of inspection. This is a most basic and simple method, but it requires the maintenance personnel to have some maintenance experience.
Use the hardware alarm function of the numerical control system
Alarm indicator light can determine the fault. There are many alarm lights on the hardware circuit board of nc system, which can roughly determine the location of the fault.
Make full use of the software alarm function of the numerical control system
CNC systems are self-diagnostic. The self-diagnostic program can be used to quickly diagnose the system during operation. Once the fault is detected, the fault shall be displayed on the form screen or the alarm lights shall be lit up immediately. The fault of the machine tool can be found according to the alarm contents during maintenance.
4. Diagnostic function of status display
Numerical control system can not only can display the fault diagnosis information and can provide in the form of diagnostic address and data of machine tool in the diagnosis of various states, for example, provides the system with the state of the input/output signals of the interface between machine tool, or between PC and CNC equipment, interface between PC and the machine tool state of input/output signal, can use a picture of the state display, to check input signals to the machine tool numerical control system, or machine switch information is input to the numerical control system. In short, can distinguish the fault is in the machine tool side or in the CNC system side, so as to reduce the CNC machine tool fault inspection scope.
Five, failure should be timely check the numerical control system parameters
System parameter changes will directly affect the performance of the machine, even make the machine failure, the whole machine can not work. And the interference of the outside may cause the change of individual parameters in the memory, listen to when the machine tool occurred some inexplicable fault, can check the parameters of the numerical control system.
Method of replacement of spare parts
When the machine tool fault analysis found that it may be circuit board fault, spare parts board can be replaced, can quickly determine the fault circuit board. But with this method should pay attention to the following two points: (1) pay attention to the circuit board on the position of the adjustable switch in the board change should be paid attention to be exchanged two circuit boards set state to be completely consistent, otherwise it will make the system in an unstable or not optimal state, or even alarm. (2) replace some circuit boards (such as CCU board), the machine parameters and procedures to reset or input.
Use the detection terminal on the circuit board
On the circuit board, there are detection terminals for measuring the voltage and waveform of the circuit, so as to determine whether this part of the circuit works normally during debugging and maintenance. However, it is necessary to be familiar with the circuit principle and logic relationship when testing the circuit. In the case of logic relationship is not familiar, can be used to compare two identical circuit boards for detection, so as to find the fault of the circuit board.
In short, once the CNC machine failure, follow the above detection steps and methods can correctly determine the cause of the fault and the location of the fault.
